- 680 Mu'awijja, kalief of Al-Schaam, dies
- 1161 Theobald of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1504 Filippino Lippi, Italian renaissance painter, dies at about 52
- 1530 Francois Lambert d'avignon, French church reformer, dies at about 43
- 1552 John Leland, antiquary, dies
- 1556 Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (Flora, Antigone), dies at 61
- 1558 Roxelana, wife of Otttoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent
- 1567 Wilhelm von Grumbach, German military man, dies at 63
- 1587 John Foxe, author (Book of Martyrs), dies
- 1610 Robert Parsons, English jesuit leader/plotter, dies at 63
- 1612 Emanuel Van Meteren, Flemish merchant and historian, dies at 76
- 1636 Julius Caesar, English judge
- 1650 Simonds d'Ewes, English antiquarian (b. 1602)
- 1674 John Graunt, English statistician, founder of science of demography, dies at 53
- 1679 Hofmannswaldau, writer, dies
- 1684 Gonzales Cocx, [Coques], painter, dies
- 1689 George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys of Wem/infamous judge, dies
- 1690 Charles V Leopold, Duke of Lorraine and Austrian fieldmarshal, dies at 47
- 1732 Louis Feuillée, French explorer (b. 1660)
- 1794 Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1714)
- 1796 Johan Wilcke, Swedish physicist, dies at 63
- 1800 Pieter Fouquet, Dutch art merchant (Atlas of Fouquet), dies at 71
- 1802 Erasmus Darwin, English physician writer and botanist (grandfather of Charles Darwin), dies at 70
- 1818 Pieter PJQ Ondaatje, Ceylon/Dutch lawyer, dies at 59
- 1845 Nicholas T the Saussure, Swiss chemist/botany, dies at 77
- 1853 William King, US VP, dies a month after his inauguration
- 1855 Jean-Baptiste Isabey, painter, dies
- 1867 Robert Smirke, architect, dies
- 1871 Omar Pasha, [Michael Lats], Croatian governor, dies at 64
- 1873 Justus von Liebig, German agricultural and biological chemist who is considered the founder of organic chemistry, dies at 69
- 1879 Anthony Pannizim, principal librarian (British Museum), dies
- 1898 Gustave Moureau, painter, dies
- 1906 Luis Martín, Spanish Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1846)
- 1917 Moritz von Bissing, German gov-gen of Belgium (1914-17), dies at 73
- 1917 Vladimir Serbsky, Russian psychiatrist (b. 1858)
- 1935 Ignazio Guidi, Italian orientalist and archaeologist, dies at 90
- 1935 Panait Istrati, Romanian writer (b. 1884)
- 1940 Florrie Forde, music hall artist, dies
- 1940 Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher, English historian and politician, dies after being hit by a car during London blackout at 75
- 1941 ... Korysis, PM of Greece, commits suicide
- 1942 Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American socialite (b. 1875)
- 1943 I Yamamoto, admiral of Japanese fleet, dies
- 1945 John Ambrose Fleming, electrical engineer, dies
- 1945 Ernie Pyle, American correspondent during WW II (Pulitzer Prize 1944), dies at 44
- 1949 Leonard Bloomfield, linguist/philosopher, dies
- 1951 António Óscar Carmona, 97th Prime Minister of Portugal and 11th President of Portugal (b. 1869)
- 1955 Eugen Herrigel, Zen philosopher/scholar, dies in Germany at 70
Albert Einstein
1955 Albert Einstein, German-born theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate (theory of relativity), dies of an abdominal aortic aneurysm at 76
Albert Einstein
- 1958 Maurice-Gustave Gamelin, French generalissmo (WW I, WW II), dies at 85
- 1958 Richard B Goldschmidt, German-American zoologist (butterflies), dies at 80
- 1960 Emory Johnson, director (Phantom Express, Shield of Honor), dies at 66
- 1963 Henrietta Kreis, 3rd of famous Wallenda aerialist to fall to death
- 1963 Meyer Jacobstein, American politician (b. 1880)
- 1964 Ben Hecht, playwright (Child of the Century), dies at 71
- 1965 Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican inventor (b. 1917)
- 1974 Marcel Pagnol, French writer/movie (Topaz), dies at 79
- 1976 Mahmoud Younis, Suez Canal nationalization engineer, dies at 65
- 1986 Marcel Dassault, [Bloch], French airplane builder, dies at 94
- 1993 Arthur P Smith, US founder of Miami Planetarium, dies at 76
- 1993 Masahiko Kimura, Japanese judoka (b. 1917)
- 1993 Dame Elisabeth Frink, English sculptor and printmaker dies of cancer aged 62
- 1994 Ken Oosterbroek, South African press photographer, shot dead at 32
- 1995 Arturo Frondizi, President of Argentina (1958-62), dies
- 1996 Kalim Siddiqui, islamic campaigner, dies at 62
- 1996 Piet Hein, architect/poet/mathematician/inventor, dies at 80
- 1996 Robert William Paine, architect, dies at 88
- 1997 Edward Barker, cartoonist, dies at 46
- 1998 Terry Sanford, American politician (b. 1917)
- 1999 Gian-Carlo Rota, Italian-born American mathematician and philosopher, dies at 66
Thor Heyerdahl
2002 Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian anthropologist and explorer (Kon Tiki, Aku-Aku), dies of a brain tumor at 87
Thor Heyerdahl
- 2003 Edgar F. Codd, English computer scientist (b. 1923)
- 2004 Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji and President of Fiji (b. 1920)
- 2007 Iccho Itoh, mayor of Nagasaki (b. 1945)
- 2011 William Donald Schaefer, American politician (Gov-D-Md), dies at 89
- 2015 Joseph Lechleider, American electrical engineer (invented DSL/high speed internet technology), dies at 82
- 2016 Patricio Aylwin, Chilean lawyer and politician, President of Chile (1990-94), dies at 97