- Jan 25 Hirate Hirohide, Japanese samurai, dies at the Battle of Mikatagahara (b. 1553)
- Feb 28 Jan "Hans" Liefrinck, Flemish engraver/publisher, dies at about 54
- Mar 13 Michel de l'Hôpital, French statesman
- Mar 14 Claude II, of Lotharingen, duke of Aumale/murdered adm Coligny, dies
- May 13 Takeda Shingen, Japanese warlord (b. 1521)
- Jun 21 Antonie van Burgundy, mayor of sealand, dies in battle
- Jul 7 Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect, dies at 65
- Jul 10 Willem van Bronkhorst, Brattenburg/Stein/army leader, dies
- Jul 20 Lancelot of Brederode, water beggar, beheaded
- Jul 29 Spanish prince of Eboli, dies
- Jul 29 John Caius, English physician, dies at 62
- Aug 14 Saitō Tatsuoki, Japanese warlord (b. 1548)
- Sep 9 Andre de Resende, Portuguese dominican/humanist, dies
- Sep 23 Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (b. 1524)
- Oct 27 Laurentius Petri, first Lutheran Archbishop of Sweden (b. 1499)
- Nov 7 Solomon Luria (Maharshal), talmudic author (Yam Shel Shelomo), dies
- Dec 11 Alardus/Eilard de Waterlant, duke of Alva, hanged
- Dec 30 Giovanni Battista Giraldi, Italian writer (b. 1504)