- Jan 19 Jan Commelin, Dutch botanist and director of Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam, dies at 62
- Mar 25 Gerardus Blasius, Flemish anatomist, dies at about 66
- Apr 14 Carlos de Gurrea, Spanish viceroy (Spanish Netherlands), dies
- May 18 Elias Ashmole, English antiquarian & collector (Ashmolean Museum), dies at 74
- Jun 10 Bridget Bishop, 1st person to be hanged in the Salem witch trials at 60
- Jul 23 Gilles Ménage, French scholar, dies at 78
- Nov 6 Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer (Historiettes), dies at 73
- Nov 19 Georg F von Waldeck, German commander-in-chief (Colors), dies
- Nov 19 Thomas Shadwell, English poet and playwright (2nd Poet Laureate 1689-92), dies at about 50
- Dec 18 Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff, German statesman (b. 1626)