- Jan 16 Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal, dies at 82
- Jan 22 Franz Xaver Josef von Unertl, Bavarian politician (b. 1675)
- Jan 26 Albert Schultens, Dutch philologist (b. 1686)
- Feb 8 Aaron Hill, English writer (b. 1685)
- Mar 7 Cornelis Troost, Dutch portrait painter (Beslikte Zwaentje), dies at 52
- May 3 John Willison, Scottish minister and writer (b. 1680)
- May 28 Emperor Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1720)
- Jun 15 Marguerite De Launay, Baronne Staal, French writer (b. 1684)
- Jul 15 Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman, dies at 73
- Jul 31 John V, King of Portugal (1706-50), dies at 60
- Aug 12 Rachel Ruysch, royal painter of sovereign Johan von de Pfalz, dies
- Nov 1 Gustaaf W van Imhoff, Dutch governor of Ceylon (1736-40), dies at 45
- Nov 20 Wilhelmus Schortinghuis, Dutch Christian theologist, dies at 50
- Dec 1 Doppelmayr, mathematician