- Jan 4 Gabriel Cramer, Swiss mathematician (paradox of Cramer), dies at 47
- Jan 16 Francis Blomefield, English topographer (History of Norfolk), dies at 46
- Feb 9 Fredric Hasselquist, Swedish naturalist (b. 1722)
- May 3 Samuel Ogle, British provincial Governor of Maryland (b. c. 1692)
- May 4 Pieter Snyers, Flemish painter/engraver, dies at 71
- May 23 William Bradford, English-born printer (Pennsylvania's first printing press), dies at 89
- Jun 14 Charles-Antoine Coypel, French carpet designer, dies at 57
- Jun 14 Daniel Marot, French/Neth, architect/engraver, dies at about 88
- Jun 16 Giulio Alberoni, Spanish-Italian minister and cardinal, dies at 88
- Jun 16 Joseph Butler, English philosopher, dies at 60
- Jul 29 Peter Warren, British admiral
- Aug 22 William Whiston, English Anglican priest and mathematician, dies at 84
- Nov 2 Johann Albrecht Bengel, German theologian and scholar, dies at 65
- Nov 5 Carl Andreas Duker, German classical scholar (b. 1670)
- Nov 6 Ralph Erskine, Scottish minister, dies at 67