- Feb 10 Montesquieu, French writer (b. 1689)
- Feb 11 Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei, Italian archaeologist (b. 1675)
- Mar 2 Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French writer (b. 1675)
- Apr 6 Richard Rawlinson, English minister and antiquarian (b. 1690)
- Jul 9 Edward Braddock, British General, mortally wounded at Fort Duquesne during French & Indian War. Dies 13th July.
- Jul 13 Edward Braddock, British general, dies in battle at Pittsburgh
- Aug 22 Caspar Burman, Dutch historian and Mayor of Utrecht, dies at 59
- Sep 8 Ephraim Williams, American philanthropist, dies at 40
- Sep 9 Johann Lorenz von Mosheim, German historian (b. 1694)
- Oct 4 Samuel von Cocceji, German lawyer, dies
- Oct 16 Saint Gerard Majella, Catholic saint, dies at 29
- Oct 22 Elisha Williams, American rector of Yale College (b. 1694)
- Nov 11 Johan van de Bergh, Leids regent, dies at 91