- 672 Chad of Mercia, Ango-Saxon saint credited with introducing Christianity to the Mercian kingdom, dies at about 38
- 1032 Rudolf III, last independent king of Bourgundy, dies
- 1124 Bořivoj II of Bohemia, Duke of Bohemia (1100-1107, 1117-1120)
- 1218 Konstantin of Rostov, Prince of Novgorod (b. 1186)
- 1250 Eric XI of Sweden (b. 1216)
- 1435 Johanna II, lawless Queen of Naples (1414-35), dies at 61
- 1461 Owen Tudor, Welsh founder of the Tudor dynasty of England
- 1491 Martin Schongauer, German painter, dies at 40
- 1512 Hatüey, Taíno chief known as Cuba's First National Hero, is burned alive by Spanish colonialists
- 1529 Baldassare Castiglione, Italian writer (b. 1478)
- 1540 George Schenck van Toutenburg, gov/viceroy of Frisia/Groningen
- 1563 Hans Neusiedler, Hungarian/German luitist/author, dies at approx 54
- 1580 Bessho Nagaharu, Japanese retainer (b. 1558)
- 1597 Lucas van Valckenborch, Flemish painter, buried at about 61
- 1648 George Abbot, English writer
- 1660 Govert Flinck, Dutch painter (Isaac blesses Jacob), dies at 45
- 1660 Gaston, Duke of Orleans, brother of French King Louis XIII, dies at 51
- 1661 Lucas Holstenius, German humanist (b. 1596)
- 1688 Abraham Duquesne, French naval officer (b. 1610)
- 1704 Guillaume F A de l'Hospital, French mathematician, dies at about 62
- 1712 Martin Lister, English naturalist and physician
- 1714 John Sharp, English Archbishop of York (b. 1643)
- 1723 Antonio M Valsalva, Italian anatomist, dies at 66
- 1768 Robert Smith, English mathematician (b. 1689)
- 1769 Clement XIII [Carlo Rezzonico], Pope (1758-69), dies at 75
- 1793 William Aiton, English botanist (Kew Gardens), dies at 61
- 1802 Welbore Ellis, 1st Baron Mendip, British statesman (b. 1713)
- 1804 Caesar Rodney, US judge (signed Declaration of Independence), dies at 62
- 1804 George Walton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1749-50)
- 1828 Frederik Sigismund earl of Bylandt, vice-admiral, dies at 78
- 1852 Francis Libermann, French religious leader (Congregation of Heart), dies at 49
- 1867 Forceythe Willson, American poet (The Old Sergeant), dies at 29
- 1873 Edward Johnson, American Major General (Confederate Army), dies at 56
- 1881 Aleksej F Pisemski, Russian writer (Clodhopper), dies at 59
- 1895 Archduke Albert, Austrian general (b. 1817)
- 1904 William C. Whitney, American financier (b. 1841)
Dmitri Mendeleev
1907 Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist and inventor who devised the periodic table of the elements, dies at 72
Dmitri Mendeleev
- 1909 Adolf Stoecker, German anti-semite/prime minister, dies at 73
- 1925 Antti Aarne, Finnish sociologist, dies at 57
- 1926 Vladimir Sukhomlinov, Russian general (b. 1848)
- 1931 Theodor Batthynyi, Hungarian contra-revolutionary, dies at 71
- 1932 Agha Petros, Assyrian nationalist leader
- 1941 Johannes Schlaf, writer, dies at 78
- 1942 Daniil Kharms [Yuvatchov], Russian surrealist and absurdist writer, poet, and playwright, dies of starvation during the siege of Leningrad at 36
- 1945 Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, German Leipzig mayor and Nazi regime opponent (20th July plot), hanged at 60
- 1948 Thomas W. Lamont, American banker; father or Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont (b. 1870)
- 1950 Constantin Carathéodory, Greek mathematician (b. 1873)
- 1956 Pyotr Konchalovsky, Russian painter (b. 1876)
- 1957 Grigory Landsberg, Russian physicist (b. 1890)
- 1965 Richard P Blackmur, American critic/publisher (Good European), dies at 61
- 1970 Bertrand Russell, philosopher, British MP, dies in Merioneth at 97
- 1972 Natalie Clifford Barney, American writer (b. 1876)
- 1973 Henry J Elias, Flemish historian/mayor of Gent, dies at 70
- 1973 Hendrik Elias, Belgian politician (b. 1902)
- 1980 William H Stein, US biochemist (Nobel 1972), dies at 68
- 1981 Donald W Douglas, US aircraft pioneer/builder, dies at 88
- 1981 Jan Donner, Dutch chairman of High Council, dies at 89
- 1982 Stringfellow Barr, US educationalist (100 Great Books), dies at 85
- 1982 Paul Desruisseaux, French Canadian lawyer, businessman and politician (b 1905)
- 1983 Roy Horb, Suriname sergeant/putschist, commits suicide
- 1987 Alfred Lion, record founder (Blue Note), dies at 78
- 1987 Alistair MacLean, Scottish novelist (b. 1922)
- 1988 Clive Epstein, brother of Brian Epstein, dies at 51
- 1988 G Mennen Williams, Supreme Court justice, dies at 76 in Detroit
- 1989 Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier, dies at 65
- 1992 Jack [John T] Aitken, British anatomist, dies at 78
- 1992 Maurice J Hill, writer (Track of Thunder), dies of pneumonia at 89
- 1992 Maurice L Kusell, dies
- 1995 Alexis d'Anjou de Bourbon-Condé, French prince/Russian, dies at 47
- 1995 Andre Frossard, French publicist (Defense of Pope), dies at 80
- 1995 David Kindersley, alphabet Designer/Cutter, dies at 79
- 1995 Phillip Borsos, Tasmanian/Canadian director (Mean Season), dies
- 1995 Robert L Haller, coon Dog Trainer, dies at 32
- 1996 Ray McIntire, American chemical engineer, dies at 77
- 1996 Shamus Culhane, animator, dies at 87
- 1997 Godfrey Baseley, British radio executive, dies at 92
- 1997 Erich Eliskases, Austrian chess player (b. 1913)
- 2002 Claude Brown, American writer (b. 1937)
- 2007 Filippo Raciti, Italian police officer (b. 1967)
- 2012 Dorothy Gilman, American mystery writer, dies from Alzheimer's disease at 88
- 2013 Chris Kyle, American sniper, is shot at 38
- 2016 Intizar Hussain, Pakistani and Urdu writer and columnist, dies in his early 90s
- 2018 Joseph Polchinski, American leading theoretical physicist (multiverse), dies of brain cancer at 63