Caligula
41 Caligula [Gaius Caesar], 3rd Roman Emperor (37-41 AD) who was known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, assassinated at 28 by Praetorian Guards
Caligula
- 772 Stephen III/IV, Catholic Pope (768-72), dies. (b. 720)
- 817 Stefanus IV, Pope (816-17), dies
- 1125 David IV of Georgia (b. 1073)
- 1336 Alfonso IV, the Benignant, King of Aragon (1327-36), dies at 36
- 1376 Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, English military leader
- 1547 Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, executed for treason
- 1595 Ferdinand II of Austria (b. 1529)
- 1626 Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer, dies at 45
- 1639 George Jenatsch, Grisons leader, assassinated
- 1678 Joan Maetsuyker, gov-gen of Neth East-Indies, dies at 72
- 1709 George Rooke, English admiral (b. 1650)
- 1769 François de Chevert, French general (b. 1695)
- 1824 Ercole Consalvi, Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal, dies at 66
- 1856 Rabbi Yechezkel of Kuzmir, Polish Hasidic leader (b. 1775)
- 1860 James Pollard Espy, American meteorologist (Philosophy of Storms), dies at 74
- 1862 James McIntosh, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), dies in battle at about 33
- 1864 Stephen Gardner Champlin, brigadier general (Union), dies at about 36
- 1877 Johann Christian Poggendorff, German physicist (b. 1796)
- 1880 José Gautier Benítez, Puerto Rican poet, dies at 28
- 1882 Levi Boone, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1808)
- 1885 Martin Delany, African-American abolitionist and physician (1st African American major in US Army), dies at 72
- 1895 Lord Randolph Churchill, British politician (b. 1849)
- 1911 David Graham Phillips, American journalist and novelist (b. 1867)
- 1912 James Allen, English writer (As a Man Thinketh), dies at 47
- 1924 Thephilo Braga, Portuguese poet & politician, dies at 80
- 1924 Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, dies at 29
- 1929 Willem Royaards, Dutch theater director (Adam in Ballingschap), dies at 62
- 1930 Rebecca Latimer Felton, American writer and politician (first woman to serve as U.S. Senator (Georgia)), dies at 94
- 1932 Alfred Yarrow, English shipbuilder (b. 1842)
- 1939 Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist, dies at 71
- 1943 John Burns, British minister of Local Government (1905-14), dies
- 1947 Felix Timmermans, Flemish painter and illustrator (Pallieter), dies at 60
- 1948 Maria Mandel, Camp Leader at Auschwitz (b. 1912)
- 1948 Arthur Liebehenschel, Commandant at Auschwitz concentration camp (b. 1901)
Gerd von Rundstedt
1953 [Karl Rudolf] Gerd von Rundstedt, German field marshal during World War II (Commander-in-Chief in the West), dies of heart failure at 77
Gerd von Rundstedt
- 1955 Ira Hayes, American World War II hero (b. 1923)
- 1961 Willem J M van Eysinga, people rights scholar, dies at 82
- 1962 Stanley Lord, Captain of the SS Californian the night of the Titanic disaster, dies at 84
- 1962 Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Turkish poet, novelist, recognized as one of the most important representatives of modernism in Turkish literature (A Mind at Peace, The Time Regulation Institute), dies of a heart attack at 60
- 1964 Stuart Davis, American modernist painter, dies at 71
Winston Churchill
1965 Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Britain (C) (1940-45, 51-55) British leader during WWII dies at 90
Winston Churchill
- 1966 Homi J. Bhabha, Indian nuclear physicist, dies at 56
- 1967 Howard Charles Shaiffer, entertainer, dies at 49
- 1970 Caresse Crosby, American poet (b. 1891)
- 1971 Bill W., American co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (b. 1895)
- 1975 Erich Kempka, German chauffeur to Adolf Hitler, dies at 64
- 1978 Herta Oberheuser, German doctor (b. 1911)
- 1982 Alfredo Ovando Candía, Bolivian president and dictator (b. 1918)
- 1986 L. Ron Hubbard, American sci-fi writer (Death Quest) and founder of the Scientology cult, dies at 74
- 1988 Werner Fenchel, German mathematician (b. 1905)
Thurgood Marshall
1993 Thurgood Marshall, 1st African American supreme court justice (1967-91), dies 84
Thurgood Marshall
- 1993 Ugur Mumcu, Turkish journalist and writer (Cumhuriyet Murder), dies at 50
- 1994 Michalis Vranopoulos, head of Greek state bank, murdered at 48
- 1994 Yves Navarre, French writer (Le Jardin d'acclimatation), dies at 53
- 1995 Ian Prestt, English ornithologist, dies at 65
- 1995 Victor Reinganum, English artist and illustrator, dies at 87
- 1995 Wim H Sinnige, Amsterdam PvdA alderman of Finance, dies at 60
- 1997 Callum Alexander MacDonald, historian, dies at 49
- 1998 Jay Monahan, husband of Katie Couric, dies of cancer at 42
- 2002 Elie Hobeika, Lebanese Forces militia commander (b. 1956)
- 2002 Kurt Schaffenberger, American comics artist (Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane), dies at 81
- 2003 Gianni Agnelli, Italian auto executive (b. 1921)
- 2003 Lucien Blackwell, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania), dies at 71
- 2003 Giovanni Agnelli, Italian industrialist and CEO of Fiat Automaker, dies at 81
- 2005 Vladimir Savchenko, Ukrainian writer (b. 1933)
- 2006 Schafik Handal, Salvadoran politician
- 2007 Guadalupe Larriva, Ecuadorian politician (b. 1956)
- 2007 Emiliano Mercado del Toro, World's oldest living man 2004-2007, dies at 115
- 2008 J. Robert Hooper, American politician, dies at 71
- 2009 Kay Yow, North Carolina State Univ. women's basketball head coach (b. 1942)
- 2016 Marvin Minsky, American artificial intelligence computer scientist (MIT), dies at 88
- 2018 Jack Ketchum [Dallas William Mayr], American horror fiction author (Off Season, Red, The Woman), dies of cancer at 71