- 195 BC Gaozu of Han, Emperor of China (202-195 BC), founder of Han Dynasty
- 193 Didius Julianus [Marcus Severus Didius Julianus], Roman Emperor, murdered at 61
- 1191 Philips van de Elzas, count of Vlanderen, dies
- 1340 Jan III van Diest, bishop of Utrecht (1322-40), dies
- 1434 Władysław II Jagiełło, King of Lithuania and later also Poland, dies (b.1351)
- 1560 Mary of Guise [Mary of Lorraine], French Queen consort of Scotland (1538-42) and Regent of Scotland for daughter Mary Queen of Scots (1554-60), dies of dropsy at 44
- 1568 18 nobles beheaded in Brussels for treason and heresy by Duke of Alva and authority of Council of Troubles
- 1568 Gijsbert van Bronkhorst-Batenburg, calvinist leader, beheaded
- 1571 John Story, English Catholic martyr, executed at Tyburn by being hung, drawn and quartered
Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616)
Japanese Shogun who founded the first Tokugawa Shogunate and united Japan, dies from natural causes
- 1625 Honoré d'Urfé, French writer (b. 1568)
- 1660 Mary Dyer, English Quaker (martyred) - hanged for defying a law banning Quakers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- 1676 Creutz, Swedish admiral (Öland), dies in battle
- 1676 Uggla, Swedish admiral (Öland), dies in battle
- 1710 David Mitchell, Scottish admiral in the British Royal navy (b. 1642)
- 1713 Johan Runius, Swedish poet (Dudaim), dies at 34
- 1729 Matthaeus de Cock, governor general of Dutch Indies (1725-29), dies at about 65
- 1740 Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (b. 1657)
- 1769 Edward Holyoke, American academic and 9th President of Harvard University, dies at 79
- 1795 Pierre-Joseph Desault, French anatomist (b. 1744)
- 1815 Louis Alexandre Berthier, French marshal (b. 1853)
- 1823 Louis Nicholas Davout, French fieldmarshal, dies at 53
- 1826 Jean Frédéric Oberlin, Alsatian pastor (b. 1740)
- 1830 Sahajanand Swami, believed to be an incarnation of god by his followers, leaves his mortal body. (b. 1781)
- 1841 David Wilkie, British painter, dies at 55
- 1846 Gregory XVI [Bartolomeo Alberto Mauro Cappellari], Pope (1831-1846), dies at 80
- 1861 John Quincy Marr, US Confederate captain, dies in battle at Fairfax Courthouse, the first Confederate death of the war at 36
- 1864 Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebel (b. 1812)
- 1864 Solomon George Washington Dill, poor white ally of African Americans, assassinated in his home by white terrorists in SC
James Buchanan (1791-1868)
15th US President (1857-61), dies at 77
James Gordon Bennett (1795-1872)
American newspaper publisher (New York Herald), dies at 76 [1]
- 1873 Joseph Howe, Canadian politician (3rd Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia), dies at 68
- 1876 Hristo Botev, Bulgarian poet and revolutionary, dies at 28
- 1879 Napoléon IV, Prince Imperial, Head of the House of Bonaparte (1873-79), killed in action during the Anglo-Zulu war at 23
- 1910 Francis Seymour Haden, English surgeon and etcher, dies at 91
- 1912 Daniel Burnham, American architect and urban designer (built skyscrapers), dies at 65
- 1927 J. B. Bury, Irish historian (b. 1861)
Lizzie Borden (1860-1927)
American woman acquitted of the murder of her parents (gave her mother forty whacks), dies of pneumonia at 66
- 1938 Ödön von Horváth, Hungarian writer (A Child of Our Time), dies at 36
- 1941 Hugh S Walpole, British novelist and playwright (Jeremy, Maradick at 40), dies at 57
- 1942 Vladislav Vančura, Czech writer (Rozmarné léto), dies at 50
- 1943 Wilfrid B. Israel, Jewish activist
- 1946 Ion Antonescu, Romanian soldier and authoritarian politician, is executed after having been convicted of war crimes
- 1948 Alex Gard, Russian-born caricaturist (b. 1900)
- 1951 Rafael Altamira Crevea, Spanish lawyer/historian, dies at 85
John Dewey (1859-1952)
American philosopher (Common Faith), dies at 92
Adolf Eichmann (1906-1962)
German Nazi officer (SS-Obersturmbannführer, Holocaust organizer), hanged in Israel at 56
Helen Keller (1880-1968)
American political activist, author (The Story of My Life) and lecturer, who was the 1st deaf-blind person to earn a BA, dies at 87
Reinhold Niebuhr (1892-1971)
American theologian (Nature & Destiny of Man), dies at 78
- 1973 Harvey S. Firestone Jr, American tire manufacturer, dies at 75
- 1973 Helen Parkhurst, American educator (The Dalton Plan), dies at 86
- 1976 Pierre Balledux, Dutch stage manager and resistance fighter, dies at 89
- 1979 Werner Forssmann, German urologist (Nobel 1956), dies at 74
- 1980 Arthur Nielsen, American market analyst (b. 1897)
- 1981 Carl Vinson, American politician (38th Dean of the United States House of Representatives, 1961-65), dies at 97
- 1981 Naim Chadir, PLO-representative in Brussels, murdered
- 1982 Hendrik Algra, Dutch teacher, journalist, and politician (ARP), dies
- 1983 Anna Seghers [Netty Reiling], German author (The 7th Cross), dies at 82
- 1983 Charles Tham, of Saxon-Coburg-Gotha, count of Flanders/Prince, dies
- 1987 Errol W Barrow, Prime Minister of Barbados (1961-76), dies at 67
- 1987 Rashid Karami, 10 time premier of Lebanon, dies in bomb attack at 65
- 1992 Louise Hoff, entertainer, dies at 69
- 1994 Juan J H Rovira, Spanish general, murdered
- 1994 Wim van der Grinten, Dutch lawyer and KVP politician (State Secretary of Economic Affairs), dies at 80
- 1995 Tony Clegg, English property trader (Montleigh), dies at 58
- 1996 Fernand Schokweiler, judge, dies at 60
- 1996 Robert Arthur Hughes, missionary/surgeon, dies at 85
- 1996 Sanjiva Reddy, Indian politician, sixth President of India (1977-82), dies at 83
- 1996 Stephen Jones, English art historian, dies of cancer at 41
- 1997 Nikolai Tikhonov, Soviet politician (Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union 1980-85), dies at 92
- 1999 Christopher Cockerell, English engineer and inventor (Hovercraft), dies at 88
- 2001 Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, King of Nepal (1972-2001), killed by his son Dipendra in the Nepalese Royal Massacre at 55
- 2001 Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (Dennis the Menace), dies of prostate cancer at 81
- 2001 Queen Aiswarya of Nepal, killed by her son Dipendra in the Nepalese Royal Massacre at 51
- 2004 William Manchester, American writer (b. 1922)
- 2008 Tommy Lapid, Israeli journalist and politician (b. 1931)
- 2008 Yves Saint Laurent, French fashion designer, dies at 71
- 2010 Lt. Gen. William H. Ginn, Jr., U.S. Air Force officer (b.1928)
- 2014 Ann B. Davis, American stage and screen actress (Bob Cummings Show - "Schultzy"; The Brady Bunch - "Alice"), dies from subdural hematoma incurred in a fall at 88
- 2015 Charles Kennedy, British politician (Liberal Democrat leader 1999-2006), dies at 55
- 2018 Jill Ker Conway, Australian-American author, first female president of Smith College, dies at 83