- 375 Valentinian I "The Great", Roman Co-Emperor and Ruler of Western Roman Empire (336-75), dies at 54
- 474 Leo II, Byzantine Emperor (474), dies
Gregory of Tours
594 St Gregory of Tours, Frankisch bishop of Tours, dies at 55
Gregory of Tours
- 641 Emperor Jomei of Japan (b. 593)
- 680 Hilda of Whitby, Christian saint and founding abbess of Whitby monastery (b. 614)
- 885 Liutgard of Saxony, Queen of the Franks (876-882)
- 1093 Margaret, widow of Scottish king Malcolm III, dies
- 1231 Elisabeth of Hungary, daughter of Andrew II of Hungary (b. 1207)
- 1302 St. Gertrude the Great (b. 1256)
- 1326 Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician, dies at 41
- 1494 Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher (b. 1463)
- 1512 Kempo Roeper, Frisian rebel, quartered
- 1525 Eleanor of Viseu, Queen of Portugal (1481-95), dies at 67
- 1558 Reginald Pole, English cardinal/scholar/"heretic", dies at 58
- 1558 Mary I [Bloody Mary], English Queen of England (1553-58), dies at 42
- 1562 Antoine de Bourbon, King of Navarre and father of Henry IV of France (b. 1518)
- 1592 John III, King of Sweden (1568-92), dies at 54
- 1600 Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese naval commander (b. 1542)
- 1608 Adolf, count of Nassau-Siegen, dies in battle at 22
- 1632 Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian field marshal, dies at 38
- 1643 Jean-Baptiste Budes, Comte de Guébriant, Marshal of France (b. 1602)
- 1665 John Earle, English bishop
- 1668 Joseph Alleine, English preacher (b. 1634)
- 1690 Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier, French soldier, dies at 80
- 1713 Abraham van Riebeeck, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1653)
Calico Jack
1720 Calico Jack [John Rackham], English pirate captain who operated in the Bahamas and Cuba, executed for piracy by hanging in Port Royal at 37
Calico Jack
Thomas Pelham-Holles
1768 Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, British Prime Minister (Whig: 1757-62), dies at 75
Thomas Pelham-Holles
Catherine the Great
1796 Catherine the Great [Catherine II], Empress of Russia (1762-96), dies of a stroke at 67
Catherine the Great
- 1808 David Zeisberger, Moravian clergyman and missionary, dies at 87
- 1808 Mustafa IV, 29th Sultan of Ottoman Empire (1807-08), dies at 29
- 1818 Charlotte Sophia von Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of England, dies
- 1848 Jozef B "Olim" Cannaert, Flemish lawyer, dies
- 1849 Prince Alexander of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst, German priest and miracle-worker (b. 1794)
- 1858 Robert Owen, British father of the cooperative movement (b. 1771)
- 1865 James McCune Smith, African-American doctor and abolitionist, dies at 52
- 1875 Hilario Ascasubi, Argentina author (pampa, gauchos & indians), dies
- 1893 Alexander-Jozef von Battenberg, Prince of Bulgaria (1879-86), dies at 36
- 1897 George Hendric Houghton, American Protestant Episcopal clergyman (b. 1820)
- 1902 Hugh Price Hughes, Welsh Methodist Social reformer, dies at 55
- 1905 Adolphe [Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich], Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1890-1905), dies at 88
- 1905 Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders and son of Leopold I, dies at 68
Auguste Rodin
1917 Auguste Rodin, French sculptor (Baiser, Thinker), dies at 77
Auguste Rodin
- 1917 Charles Holroyd, English artist and curator, Director of the National Gallery (1906-16), dies at 56
- 1921 Pa Chay Vue, Hmong Nationalist
- 1922 Robert Comtesse, Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1899-1912), dies at 75
- 1926 Carl Akeley, American taxidermist and naturalist who developed the animal mount process and other techniques for museums, dies at 62
- 1927 Adolph Joffe, Russian Communist revolutionary and writer (Brest-Litovsk), commits suicide at 44
- 1928 Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian author, politician, & freedom fighter (b. 1865)
- 1929 Herman Hollerith, German/US statistician (punch card), dies at 69
- 1931 John Paulus Lotsy, Dutch botanist and geneticist (Resumptio Genetics), dies at 64
- 1931 Hara Prasad Shastri, Indian academic, Sanskrit scholar, archivist and historian of Bengali literature, dies at 77
- 1934 Joachim Ringelnatz [Hans Bötticher], German writer and artist, dies at 51
- 1938 Ante Trumbić, Croatian politician (23rd Mayor of Split), dies at 74
- 1940 Eric Gill, British sculptor (b. 1882)
- 1940 Raymond Pearl, American biologist (b. 1879)
- 1941 Ernst Udet, German WWI pilot and notable flying ace who helped develop the Luftwaffe under the Nazi Party, commits suicide at 45
- 1942 Ben Reitman, American anarchist, physician (b. 1879)
- 1944 Johan Hermanus Doorn, Dutch journalist and resistance fighter (Orange Newspaper), dies at 34
- 1945 Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, dies at 63
- 1947 Ricarda Huch, German writer and historian "First Lady of German humanism", dies at 83
- 1947 Victor Serge, Russian anarchist, novelist, and historian (b. 1890)
- 1962 Arthur Vining Davis, American industrialist and CEO (Alcoa-1910-57), dies at 95
- 1968 Wilhelm Lehmann, German writer, dies at 86
- 1968 Mervyn Peake, British writer and illustrator (Gormenghast books), dies at 57
- 1973 Mirra Richard [The Mother], French-born Indian spiritual leader (Sri Aurobindo), dies at 95
- 1979 John Glassock, bass (Jethro Tull), dies at 27 following heart surgery
- 1979 Immanuel Velikovsky, Russian writer (Worlds in Collision), dies at 84
- 1982 Ruth Donnelly, comedienne, dies at 86 in NYC
- 1986 Georges Besse, French president-director of Renault, murdered
- 1988 Sheilah Graham, gossip columnist, dies of heart failure at 84
- 1989 Gus Farace, American gangster (b. 1960)
Robert Hofstadter
1990 Robert Hofstadter, American atomic physicist and Nobel laureate (electron scattering in atomic nuclei), dies at 75
Robert Hofstadter
- 1991 John Blatnik, (Rep-Minn, 1947-75), dies at 80
- 1992 Audre Lorde, American writer, feminist and activist (Black Unicorn), dies of cancer at 58
- 1993 Gérard D. Levesque, Canadian politician, dies at 67
- 1994 G Waller, German/Swiss movie journalist (NRC/Variety), dies at 82
- 1995 Edward LeBone Molotlegi, chief of the Bafokeng, dies at 66
- 1995 John Prickett, teacher/ecumenist, dies at 88
- 1995 Marguerite Young, writer, dies at 87
- 1996 Andrew John Fairclough, trade union educator, dies at 45
- 2000 Louis Eugène Félix Néel, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
- 2002 Abba Eban, Israeli diplomat (b. 1915)
- 2011 Olin Branstetter, American businessman and politician (b. 1929)
- 2012 Margaret Yorke, English crime fiction writer, dies at 88
- 2013 Doris Lessing, Iranian novelist and Nobel laureate (Adore, Memoirs of a Survivor, Golden Notebook), dies at 94
- 2013 Omprakash Valmiki, Indian Dalit writer and poet (Joothan), dies of stomach cancer at 63
- 2017 Salvatore Riina, Italian mobster and chief of the Sicilian Mafia, dies at