- 1370 Casimir III the Great, King of Poland (1333-70), dies at 61
- 1515 Mariotto Albertinelli, Italian painter, dies at 41
- 1559 Kano Motonobu, Zen co-founder (Kano school of painting), dies at 83
- 1603 Irini Fedorovna, Russian daughter of Boris Godunov, dies
- 1660 Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, English socialite (b. 1599)
- 1660 Alexandre de Rhodes, French Jesuit missionary (b. 1591)
- 1669 John Coccejus, German/Neth reformed theologist, dies at about 66
- 1675 Kurt S Adeler, Danish admiral/ship designer, dies at 52
- 1680 Gillis Valckenier, mayor of Amsterdam (1665..80), dies at about 57
- 1701 Charles Gerard, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, French-born English politician (bc. 1659)
- 1714 Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (founder of occupational medicine), dies at 81
- 1737 Johan Willem, Duke of Ripperda, Dutch political adventurer, dies at 55
- 1752 Carl Andreas Duker, German classical scholar (b. 1670)
- 1758 Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (b. 1686)
- 1772 Pieter Steyn, Dutch grand pensionary (1749-72), dies at 66
- 1801 Norinaga Motoori, Japanese scientist, dies at 71
- 1803 Ch de Laclos, writer, dies
- 1804 Elizabeth "Betje" Wolff-Bekker, poetess (Sara Burgerhart), dies at 66
- 1807 Angelica Kauffmann, Swiss Neoclassical painter, dies at 66
- 1819 Dirk van den Boetzelaer, Regent of Holland, dies at 55
- 1828 Maria Feodorovna of Russia, second wife of Tsar Paul I of Russia, dies at 69
- 1834 Aernout Drost, Dutch literary/founder (The Guide), dies at 24
- 1836 Karel Hynek Mácha, Czech poet (b. 1810)
- 1850 Ferdinand Karl Joseph, Archduke of Austria-Este, dies at 69
- 1854 Soimonov, Russian general, dies in battle of Inkermann
- 1869 Otis Tufts, American machinist and inventor who built printing machines, steam engines, firefighting equipment and invented the steam pile driver, dies at 65
- 1872 Thomas Sully, American portrait painter (Queen Victoria), dies at 89
James Clerk Maxwell
1879 James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish physicist (speed of light), dies of abdominal cancer at 48
James Clerk Maxwell
Christiaan Eijkman
1930 Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician and bacteriologist (Nobel Prize in Medicine 1929), dies at 72
Christiaan Eijkman
- 1939 Charles Barrois, French geologist and palaeontologist, dies at 88
- 1941 Arndt Pekurinen, Finnish pacifist (b. 1905)
- 1943 Louis Schelfhout, Dutch painter and graphic artist, dies at 62
- 1944 Alexis Carrel, French surgeon, sociologist and biologist (Nobel 1912), dies at 71
- 1955 Maurice Utrillo, French artist (b. 1883)
- 1960 August Gailit, Estonian writer (Ekke Moor), dies at 69
- 1964 Lansdale Sasscer, U.S. Congressman for Maryland's 5th District (b. 1893)
- 1964 Mabel Lucie Attwell, English children's author and illustrator, dies at 85
- 1969 Itih Walracen, Sudanese widow of author William Walraven, dies
- 1975 Edward L Tatum, American molecular geneticist and biochemist (Nobel Prize 1958), dies of heart failure at 65
- 1975 Lionel Trilling, American literary critic and author (1969 Poses Award, The Liberal Imagination), dies at 70
- 1979 Al Capp, US cartoonist (Li'l Abner), dies at 70
- 1982 Gerarda "Gerda" Brautigam, Dutch journalist and politician (PvdA), dies
- 1985 Arnold Chikobava, Georgian linguist (b. 1898)
- 1987 Georges Franju, French director (Judex, L'homme sans visage), dies at 75
- 1987 Jan Nicolaas Bakhuizen van den Brink, Dutch theologist and church historian, dies at 91
- 1990 Humphrey Gibbs, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (1959-69), dies at 87
- 1991 Robert Maxwell, British billionaire publisher (NY Daily News), dies at 68
- 1992 Jan Hendrik Oort, Dutch astronomer (hypothesized "Oort Cloud"), dies at 92
- 1993 Maurice Cranston, English philosopher and political scientist (John Locke biographies), dies at 73
- 1996 Lars-Ake Nilsson, diplomat, dies at 53
- 1997 Isaiah Berlin, Latvian-British philosopher, dies at 88
- 2000 Roger Peyrefitte, French writer (Special Friendships), dies at 93
- 2000 Victor Grinich, American businessman (b. 1924)
- 2000 Bibi Titi Mohammed, Tanzanian politician (b.1926)
- 2001 Barry Horne, a British animal liberation activist.
- 2005 Rod Donald, New Zealand environmentalist (b. 1957)
- 2005 John Fowles, English writer (b. 1926)
- 2006 Bülent Ecevit, four term Turkish Prime Minister (between 1974 and 2002), dies at 81
- 2007 Nils Liedholm, Swedish football midfielder and coach (b. 1922)
- 2008 Paul Greening, Royal Navy officer and master of Queen's household, dies at 80
- 2010 Adrian Păunescu, Romanian poet and politician (b. 1943)
- 2012 Charles V. Bush, African-American pioneer (1st African-American US Air Force Academy Graduate and US Supreme Court Page), dies from colon cancer at 72
- 2012 Stalking Cat [Dennis Avner], American body modifier, dies at 54