- 338 BC Macedonian army led by Philip II defeats combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean
- 216 BC Second Punic War: Battle of Cannae - Carthaginian army lead by Hannibal defeats numerically superior Roman army under command consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro
Historic Event
1610 English explorer Henry Hudson enters the bay later named after him, the Hudson Bay
- 1665 Battle of Vågen: English warships attack a Dutch merchant and treasure fleet in neutral Bergen, Norway. English forced to retreat after suffering 421 dead and wounded.
- 1665 French expedition against Barbarians in Tunis and Algiers
- 1695 Daniel Quare receives a British patent for his portable barometer
- 1701 Great Peace of Montreal signed between New France and North American Indian nations at urging of Huron chief Kondiaronk
- 1718 Austria joins Triple Alliance of Britain, France and the Dutch Republic forming the Quadruple Alliance, to fight against Spain
Historic Event
1738 France offers Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI mediation in his war against Turkey
United States Declaration of Independence
1776 Formal signing of the US Declaration of Independence by 56 people (date most accepted by modern historians)
Historic Event
1782 George Washington creates Honorary Badge of Distinction
Victory in Battle
1798 Battle of the Nile: British Royal Navy under Admiral Horatio Nelson further decimates the French fleet
- 1819 1st parachute jump in US by Frenchman Louis-Charles Guille over Jersey City
- 1831 Ten day campaign begins, Dutch army occupies Belgium
- 1832 Battle of Bad Axe, Wisconsin: 1,300 Illinois militia defeat Sauk & Fox Native Americans ending the Black Hawk War in the US
- 1858 1st mailboxes installed in Boston and NYC streets
- 1858 Government of India transferred from East India Company to the British Crown
- 1861 Skirmish at Dug Springs, Missouri results in Union victory
Historic Publication
1865 Lewis Carroll publishes "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland"
- 1865 Trans Atlantic Cable being laid by SS Great Eastern between Great Britain and America snaps and is lost
- 1870 Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opens in London
- 1873 1st trial run of San Francisco cable car, Clay Street between Kearny and Jones
- 1877 San Francisco Public Library opens with 5,000 volumes
- 1880 British Parliament officially adopts Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
- 1887 Chester A. Hodge of Beloit, Wisconsin, patents 'spur' barbed wire
- 1892 George A. Wheeler is granted a US patent for a prototype of the escalator
- 1894 Death duties 1st introduced in Britain
- 1894 Dutch Society for Women Suffrage gets royal charter
- 1903 Unsuccessful uprising of Macedonians against Turkey
- 1909 Army Air Corps formed as Army takes 1st delivery from Wright Brothers
- 1909 US issues 1st Lincoln penny
- 1911 Haiti's dictator Simon flees on US warship near Jamaica
- 1914 Belgian government receives German ultimatum
- 1914 German press falsely reports that French have bombed Nuremberg
- 1914 German troops overthrow Luxembourg
- 1914 Germany and Turkey sign secret treaty of alliance
- 1914 Great Britain mobilizes
- 1914 Postdam Conference ends
- 1914 Russian troops invade Eastern Prussia
- 1916 World War I: Austrian sabotage causes the sinking of the Italian battleship Leonardo da Vinci in Taranto
- 1918 Japan announces that it is deploying troops to Siberia in the aftermath of World War I
Historic Event
1920 Marcus Garvey presents his "Back To Africa" program in NYC
- 1922 China is hit by a typhoon; about 60,000 die
Treaty of Interest
1928 Benito Mussolini signs peace treaty with Abyssinia (Ethiopia)
- 1931 Spanish Catalonia agrees (99+%) for autonomous status
Famous Photo
1932 Carl David Anderson discovers and photographs a positron, the first known antiparticle
- 1934 1st airplane train, plane tows 3 mail gliders behind it
Historic Event
1934 Adolf Hitler becomes commander-in-chief of German armed forces
Historic Event
1940 Clermont-Ferrand sentences General Charles de Gaulle to death
- 1940 KL-House of saxon & commandos focus on Gross Rosen, Silesia
- 1941 German 11st Army surrounds 20 Soviet divisions at Oeman
- 1941 Jews are expelled from Hungarian Ruthenia
- 1942 250 Dutch Catholic Jews arrested, transported to Amersfoort camp
- 1942 Colonel general Hermann Hoth's Panzer army reaches Kotelnikovo
- 1943 Armed revolt by 800 prisoners at Treblinka Extermination Camp: crematorium destroyed; 200 escape the compound, but only 100 survive
Historic Event
1943 Lt John F. Kennedy's PT-boat 109 sinks at Solomon islands
- 1943 Sunderland seaplanes sink U-706 and U-106
- 1944 Jewish survivors of Kovono Ghetto emerge from their bunker
- 1944 Turkey breaks diplomatic relationship with Nazi Germany
Sinking of the USS Indianapolis
1945 After 3½ days suffering exhaustion, lack of water and shark attacks in the Philippine Sea, the surviving crew of USS Indianapolis are spotted by Wilbur “Chuck” Gwinn, a PV-1 Ventura pilot on a routine sector search. 316 had survived.
Potsdam Conference
1945 Potsdam Conference between Joseph Stalin, Harry Truman and Winston Churchill (replaced by Clement Attlee after losing the 1945 general election) ends
- 1954 Tahar Ben Ammar appointed premier of Tunisia
- 1955 USSR performs nuclear test
- 1957 Lovell Telescope's first light (first astronomical image) by then the world's largest steerable telescope, at Jodrell Bank, England [1]
- 1958 American pilots Jim Heth and Bill Burkhart take off from Dallas, Texas in "The Old Scotchman", their modified Cessna 172 in an effort to break airplane flight endurance record; they fly forslightly over 50 days, eclipsing existing record by more than 3 days
- 1958 Jordan and Iraq dissolve their Arab Federation, after 3 months
- 1961 Cyrille Adula becomes premier of Congo
- 1963 30th Chicago College All-Star Game: All-Stars 20, Green Bay 17, 65,000 at Soldier Field
- 1964 Dutch government gives Indonesia export guarantees
- 1964 North Vietnam fires at US Navy destroyer USS Maddox in what becomes known as the Gulf of Tonkin incident which would eventually escalate US involvement in the Vietnam War
- 1964 Race riot in Jersey City, New Jersey
- 1965 Morley Safer's sends 1st Vietnam report indicating the US is losing
- 1966 Radio Vila (New Hebrides) begins transmitting
- 1967 The second Blackwall Tunnel opens in Greenwich, London
- 1967 US's Lunar Orbiter 5 launches; enters lunar orbit Aug 5
- 1968 35th Chicago College All-Star Game: Green Bay 34, All-Stars 17, 69,917 at Soldier Field
Historic Event
1969 US President Richard Nixon visits Romania
- 1970 France performs nuclear test at Fangataufa Island
- 1970 Rubber bullets used for the first time in Northern Ireland during 'The Troubles'
- 1972 Gold hits record $70 an ounce in London
- 1975 104°F (40°C) at Providence, Rhode Island (state record)
- 1975 107°F (42°C) at Chester/New Bedford, Massachusetts (state record)
- 1980 Fascist bomb attack on Bologna Italy train station, 86 killed
- 1983 STS-8 vehicle moves to launch pad
- 1983 US District Court begins trying Yonkers accused of race discrimination
- 1984 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1985 5 die in a train crash in Westminster Colo
- 1985 Delta Lockheed L-1011 crashes at Dallas-Fort Worth Airport, 137 die
Historic Event
1986 Saddam Hussein offers peace in open letter to Iran
Voyager 2 Spacecraft
1989 NASA confirmed Voyager 2's discovery of 3 more moons of Neptune designated temporarily 1989 N2, 1989 N3 & 1989 N24
- 1990 Iraq invades and occupies Kuwait, Emir flees to Saudi Arabia
Historic Event
1990 US President George H. W. Bush orders troops to Saudi Arabia
- 1991 Hedy Lamaar is arrested for shoplifting in LA
- 1991 Pan Am games open in Havana
- 1991 Space shuttle STS 43 (Atlantis 9) launched
- 1993 Train crash in tunnel at Vega de Anzo Spain, 12 killed
- 1994 Congressional hearings begin on White Water
- 1994 Explosion in lead/zinc mine in Guangxi China, 120+ killed
- 1994 Noureddine Morceli runs world record 3000m (7:25.11)
- 1995 Saudi Arabia's King Fahd issues a decree replacing all members of the Council of Ministers who do not have blood ties to the royal Family
- 2005 MESSENGER spacecraft performs an Earth flyby
- 2005 The largest trade in NBA history is completed as 5 teams combine to swap 13 players; deal brings Antoine Walker & Jason Williams to Miami, leads to Heat's 1st ever championship that season
Historic Publication
2008 "Breaking Dawn", 4th book in Stephenie Meyer's "Twilight Saga" is published by Little Brown at midnight with a print run of 3.7 million copies
Historic Event
2013 Carl Icahn sues computer giant Dell in an attempt to derail a buyout bid by the CEO, Michael Dell
- 2017 First footage of white giraffes posted by Hirola Conservation Program in north eastern Kenya
- 2017 First successful gene editing in human embryos to repair disease-causing mutation reported by scientists in "Nature"
Historic Event
2017 Great Britain's Prince Philip aged 96 makes his final solo public appearance before retiring from public engagements
- 2017 More than a billion people around the world need glasses and 36 million are blind, according to new study published in "The Lancet"
- 2017 New crypto-currency Bitcoin Cash is created via a hard-fork of Bitcoin's blockchain technology and brand
Historic Event
2017 US President Donald Trump signs legislation imposing sanctions on Russia, limiting his ability to ever lift them
- 2018 Apple becomes the first American public listed company to reach $1 trillion in value
- 2018 Fields Medal for mathematics awarded to Caucher Birkar (his stolen minutes later), Alessio Figalli, Peter Scholze and Akshay Venkatesh
- 2018 Oldest library in Germany confirmed unearthed in Cologne dating to 2AD, possibly held 20,000 scrolls
- 2018 Pope Frances declares the death penalty unacceptable in all cases, reversing church teachings and adding to Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church
- 2018 Tokyo Medical University revealed to have been tampering with female entrance exams to ensure under 30% accepted, by Japanese newspaper "Yomiuri Shimbun"
- 2019 Pedro Pierluisi sworn in as new Governor of Puerto Rico replacing Ricardo A. Rosselló
- 2019 Saudi Arabia announces news rules for women including allowing them to travel independently abroad without a male guardian's permission
- 2019 Seven-year-old boy operated on after 526 teeth found inside his mouth in Chennai, India
- 2020 Australian state of Victoria announces state of disaster and imposes further lockdown measures after spike in COVID-19 cases
- 2020 Islamic State stages a jail break at a prison in Afghan city of Jalalabad, placing bombs at its entrance, results in 20 hr gunfight, 29 deaths and over 300 prisoners at large
- 2020 South Africa confirms over 500,000 cases of COVID-19 with 10,107 deaths, highest total on the African continent
- 2020 United Arab Emirates starts up the Arab world's first nuclear power station at the Barakah plant
COVID-19 Pandemic
2021 70% of American have had at least one COVID-19 vaccination shot, a target President Joe Biden had hoped to meet by 4 July
