- Jan 3 The Coonan Cross Oath is taken in the Saint Thomas Christian community in an effort to avoid submission to Portuguese rule in India
- Feb 2 New Amsterdam becomes a city (later renamed New York)
- Feb 3 Cardinal Mazarin returns to Paris from exile
Nicolas Fouquet Appointed
Feb 7 Nicolas Fouquet appointed France's Superintendent of Finances
- Feb 20 Defeat of Dutch fleet under Adm Van Tromp by Admiral Blake off Portsmouth
- Feb 28 -Mar 3] 3 Day Sea battle English beat Dutch
- Mar 4 Dutch commodore Johan van Galen leads a Dutch fleet to victory against an English naval force at the Battle of Leghorn (Livorno) during the Anglo Dutch wars, later dies from his wounds on March 23
Event of Interest
Apr 20 Oliver Cromwell routes English parliament to house
Event of Interest
Jul 30 Johan de Witt sworn in as the Grand Pensionary of Holland
- Jul 31 Fronde-leaders surrender in Bordeaux
- Aug 10 Battle of Scheveningen: Final naval battle of the First Anglo-Dutch War, English fleet defeats a Dutch fleet led by Maarten Tromp who himself is killed by a sharpshooter in the rigging of William Penn's ship
- Aug 15 -16] Dutch ship "Sperwer" stranded at Tsjedzjoe Korea
- Oct 1 Russian parliament accepts annexation of Ukraine
- Dec 12 English "Barebones" Parliament ends
- Dec 16 Parliamentarian General Oliver Cromwell appointed as Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland
Event of Interest
Dec 29 Dutch painter Jan Vermeer becomes a member of the Guild of Saint Luke for painters in Delft
