- Jan 12 Hippolyte Monpou, French organist and opera composer, born in Paris (d. 1841)
- Jan 14 John Park, Scottish composer & minister, born in Greenock, Renfrewshire (d. 1865)
- Jan 16 Karl August Krebs, German conductor and composer, born in Free Imperial City of Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany) (d. 1880)
- Feb 2 Leopold Eugen Mechura, Czech composer, born in Prague (d. 1870)
- Feb 5 Johan Ludvig Runeberg, Finnish poet (Finland's national anthem "Maamme"), born in Jakobstad, Finland (d. 1877)
- Mar 14 Johann Strauss the Elder, Viennese violinist and composer (Radetzky March), born in Leopoldstadt, Austria (d. 1849)
- Mar 30 Salomon Sulzer, Austrian Jewish composer (synagogue music), born in Hohenem, Austria (d. 1890)
- Apr 4 Joseph Fischhof, Czech-Austrian pianist and composer, born in Bučovice, Moravia (now Czech Republic) (d. 1857)
- May 31 Louise Farrenc (née Dumont), French pianist, composer and only female professor at the Paris Conservatory during the 19th century, born in Paris, France (d. 1875)
- Jun 1 Mikhail Glinka, Novosspaskoye Russian composer (Kamarinskaya; Ruslan and Ludmilla), born in Novospasskoye, Smolensk, Russian Empire (d. 1857) [birth OS=May 20]
- Jun 6 Petter Conrad Boman, Swedish composer, born in Stockholm, Sweden (d. 1861)
- Oct 10 Albin Masek, Czech composer, born in Prague (d. 1878)
- Oct 18 Mongkut [Rama IV], King of Thailand (1851-68), opened country to the West, (model for musical "The King and I"), born in Thonburi Palace, Bangkok, Thailand (d. 1868)
- Nov 27 Julius Benedict, German opera composer (Protoghesi), born in Stuttgart, Germany (d. 1885)