Musicians Born in 1638
- Apr 11 Diogo Dias Melgás, Portuguese composer of sacred polyphonic music, born in Cuba, Alentejo, Portugal (d. 1700)
- Jul 8 Matteo Coferati, composer
- Jul 15 Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani, Italian composer, born in Florence (d. 1693)
Musicians Who Died in 1638
- Jan 21 Ignazio Donati, Italian composer (c. 1570)
- May 27 Nicolas Formé, French composer, dies at 71
- Aug 31 John Ward, composer, dies at 67